What is Gastroenterology? Symptoms and Diagnoses of Gastroenterology

what is Gastroenterology? it is a sub specialty of internal medicine devoted to the study and diagnosis of conditions or diseases of the digestive system. Digestive system consists of esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, large intestine (colon), rectum, liver, biliary tract and pancreas.

Symptoms

Symptoms commonly evaluated by a gastroenterologist include indigestion, bad breath, difficulty swallowing, painful swallowing, heartburn, chest pain, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, changes in the evacuation, diarrhea, constipation, rectal bleeding, black excreta, anal pain, weight loss, jaundice.

Procedures and Diagnoses

The diagnoses of conditions or diseases are treated by the gastroenterologist: inflammation of the esophagus, gastritis / peptic ulcer, hiatal hernia, gallbladder stones, gallbladder vague, malabsorption, colonic diverticulosis, cancer, polyps, colitis and others.
One of the methods used by the gastroenterologist performing endoscopy himself in his office or in the hospital. It is a simple and safe procedure in experienced hands. Endoscopy is used because many gastrointestinal conditions can not be diagnosed with sonography, CT scan, MRI or conventional radiology. Endoscopy allows direct and accurate vision cavities gastrointestinal organs. It is more accurate and sensitive than radiography and can find small lesions that would be undetectable by X-ray The video endoscopy to document the study in film (video tape or photograph). Very recently, a new diagnostic modality, the video capsule orally ingested allows evaluation of the small intestine. The lesions detected gastroscopy upper digestive tract (esophagus, stomach and duodenum) such as varicose veins, ulcers, inflammation and esophageal cancer. Detected in stomach ulcers, gastritis, polyps, cancer and accidentally ingested foreign bodies. Bleeding ulcers can be fulguradas.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy also allows for tissue biopsy. For example, stomach biopsy can help to detect the bacterium Helicobacter pylori causes ulcers in the stomach and duodenum.
Polypectomy allows the removal of solid masses called polyps through a linking system and cauterize the polyp.
Finally, diagnostic colonoscopy and colon rectal lesions as internal hemorrhoids, colitis, diverticulosis and colon cancer among other conditions. Everyone 50 and older should get a colonoscopy. People at high risk for colorectal cancer are those with a first degree or personal history of cancer or polyps, ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.
Typically, the procedures are performed under intravenous sedation. Although many patients sleep during the study, some people do not want to miss the pictures of your own video endoscopy on the monitor. To achieve a good study, the patient must be fasting and the stomach and / or colon completely clean.
The decision to perform any endoscopic procedure is based on a careful appraisal and is offered as a choice method for the study of the digestive system. Obviously gastroscopy and colonoscopy should not be used unnecessarily or in situations in which other studies can be more effective.
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